SDLC Phases : Software development life cycle

What is SDLC?

The full name of SDLC is software development life cycle. It is also called system development life cycle. SDLC describes the life cycle of a software or system and SDLC is a process of how system is developed. Software development methodologies or SDLC methodologies plays important role in software development and software testing. Database design is a fundamental component of SDLC. All the steps or process that takes place in building any system is called the system development life cycle (SDLC). SDLC is the mose important topic if preparing for ISTQB.

Similarly we have STLC which stands for software testing life cycle which describe the life cycle of software testing with different testing phases such as Requirement analysis/ Requirement gathering, Test planning, Test case development, Environment setup , Test execution and Test case closure. Now let’s start with learning SDLC phases in detailed manner.

 SDLC Phases:

There are five phases / steps in system development life cycle. Which is as follows: -

1. Planning
2. Analysis
3. Detailed system design
4. Implementation
5. Maintenance

1. Planning: - What is the first step of the system development life cycle? In the planning phase and analysis , we discuss what we want the software to achieve or what its goals are. The quality requirements and risk identification of the software are also included in the planning phase and while planning phase it should be primary aim to deliver high quality software.

In this phase we see whether the system (software) that is present is doing its work properly or not. If he is doing his job properly then there is no need to change him. In this we also evaluate the cost. How much cost will be required to design the system, this all comes in the planning phase.

2. Analysis: - In the planning phase, problems are defined and in the analysis phase those problems are examined with more details. In the analysis phase, the user requirements are seen, what are the needs of the end users. In this phase the hardware and software of the system are studied thoroughly. In this, both end users and designers together solve the problem areas.

3. Detail system design: - We always have a question that what is the design phase in SDLC? In the detail system design phase, the designer completes the design of the system's process. The system includes complete technical specifications so that the system becomes even more interactive and efficient.

4. Implementation: - In this phase, hardware, DBMS software and application programs are installed and database design is implemented. Before database design can be implemented, the system has to go through testing, coding, and debugging processes. This is the longest running phase in SDLC.

5. Maintenance: - This is the last phase of SDLC. When the system (software) is ready and the users start using it, then the problems that come in them have to be solved time-to-time. Maintaining the finished system (software) in a timely manner and maintaining it is called maintenance. SDLC has three types of maintenance: - Corrective maintenance, adaptive maintenance and Perfective maintenance.

Software development life cycle phases

• Requirement gathering

• Feasibility Study

• Requirement gathering

• System Analysis

• System design

• Software Development

• Testing

• Implementation

• Maintenance

• Review

1. Requirement Gathering: - The first step of the system development life cycle is to find out the real problem of the system and to do any further work without knowing the problem in the system is to make the effort fruitless. Problems in any system define user requirements. In this phase, the system analyst discovers the problem and discuses what we have to achieve from the system or what is its goal. In this phase we see whether the current system is doing its job properly or not. Both functional requirements and non functional requirements must be coved as a part of requirement analysis.

2. Feasibility Study: - Under the feasibility study, it is considered whether to improve the existing system or to develop a completely new system. The feasibility study helps in understanding the overview of the problem. The feasibility study is done to ensure that the project is carried forward, or to postpone or cancel.

3. System Analysis: - System analysis is the most important phase of the system development life cycle. In the first phase the problem is defined, and in this phase those problems are investigated with more depth. In this stage the user requirements are seen, what are the needs of the end users. In this phase the hardware and software of the system are thoroughly studied. In this, both end users and designers together solve the problems.

4. System design: - In this stage the designer completes the design of the process of the system. The system includes complete technical specifications so that the system becomes even more interactive and efficient.

5. Software Development: - Creating software or program after system design is the next stage of SDLC. Development is the stage where the programmer coding the program according to the system design means that in this phase the system changes to actual.

7. Software Testing: - System testing is done in this phase before the database design is implemented. This is the testing phase in the system development. The main is to deliver quality software to the customer. The system has to go through testing, coding, and debugging process. This is the longest time in SDLC. Want to know more about software testing check Software Testing

6. Implementation: - In this step, hardware, DBMS software and application programs are installed and database design is implemented.

7. Maintenance: - When the system is ready and the users start using it, then any problem that comes in them has to be solved from time to time. Maintenance of the finished system according to time is called maintenance.

8.Review:- When the system is implemented, the user is asked to review whether the system is capable of meeting the user's requirements.

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